Pug

The Pug abides by the phrase “multum in parvo” (“a lot in a little“). As one of the oldest breeds, the Pug has been known by many names in many different cultures, including “Mops“ in German and the Dutch or Chinese Pug in England. While the origin of the name “Pug” is disputed, it may be derived from the Latin pugnus, meaning fist, in reference to the Pug’s head having a passing resemblance to a clenched fist.

Appearance

Pugs are small, stocky dogs. They stand 12 to 14 inches at the shoulders and weigh between 14 to 18 pounds - a weight derived mostly from dense muscle. They have a short, glossy coat that is commonly fawn, black, apricot, or silver. Pugs have dark, expressive eyes set in a heavily wrinkled face and velvety, black ears.

Personality

Highly intelligent, Pugs can also grow stubborn. They are, however, generally loving creatures with a need to please their owners. They are pleasant and loyal companions; they can also be alert watchdogs. They are sometimes comical in behavior, and tend to get along well with children and other dogs. They prefer the indoors, and even a small apartment can be suitable.

History

An ancient breed, the Pug has been a favorite of Buddhist monasteries in Tibet for several centuries. It is a somewhat unique member of the Toy group - within the group, Pugs are perhaps the only breed to descend from mastiffs and retains many mastiff-like traits. The distinctive wrinkles of the Pugs were praised by the Chinese, especially the “prince mark” (the vertical forehead wrinkle that resembled the Chinese character for “prince”). Pugs became extremely popular in England following their introduction during Victorian times.

Care

The Pug is an active breed and needs daily exercise in the form of lively games or regular walks. Like all short-nosed breeds, the Pug suffers in hot, humid weather and should not be kept outdoors. It needs minimal grooming due to its short coat but its facial wrinkles should be cleaned and dried daily to prevent skin infections. Pugs are known to wheeze and sneeze. Their diet should be watched closely to prevent obesity.

Health

Pugs have several health concerns including stenotic nares, patellar luxation, Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome, and entropion. They do not tolerate heat and are sensitive to anesthesia as well. Additionally, pugs are prone to corneal abrasions. It is advised that their eyes be tested regularly. Pugs live 12 to 15 years on average.

Conditions Summary

Stenotic Nares: a congenital disorder where malformed nostrils restrict the dog’s air intake.

Patellar Luxation: a condition where the knee cap moves out of position momentarily, can lead to lameness.

Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome: a degenerative disease of the hip joint.

Entropion: the lower eyelid rolls inward, causing pain and possible infections and permanent damage.

 

References

The Complete Dog Book. New York: Ballantine Books, 2006. Print.

"Pugs: A Guide to Dogs and Puppies of the Pug Breed." The Dog Guide: Helping You Find Your Perfect Dog. 

"Animal Planet :: Dog Breed Profile :: Pug." Animal Planet : Pets, Wild Animals, Dog Breeds, Cat Breeds. 

"American Kennel Club - Pug." American Kennel Club - Akc.org. 

"Pugs - Choosing a Pug." Pet Place:Pet Care Information - Pet Information - Pet Health Information.  

"Stenotic Nares: A Congenital Disorder of the Nose in Dogs." Pet Health Care | Dog and Cat Behavior Information by Veterinarians. 

"Luxating Patella: A Knee Problem in Dogs." Pet Health Care | Dog and Cat Behavior Information by Veterinarians.  

"Legg-Perthes Disease (Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head) in Dogs." Pet Health Care | Dog and Cat Behavior Information by Veterinarians. 

"Entropion - Inward Folding Eyelids in Dogs." Pet Health Care | Dog and Cat Behavior Information by Veterinarians.